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³í¹®¸í ÀÔÂû ¹®ÀåÀÇ BIM ¿ä±¸»çÇ× ³­À̵µ ÆǺ°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù ±â¹Ý µö·¯´× ¸ðµ¨ ºñ±³ / Comparison of Character Embedding-Based Deep Learning Models for Classifying the Difficulty Level of BIM Requirements in Bid Sentences
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¹ßÇà»ç ´ëÇÑÅä¸ñÇÐȸ
¼ö·Ï»çÇ× ´ëÇÑÅä¸ñÇÐȸ³í¹®Áý, v.44 n.6 (2024-12)
ÆäÀÌÁö ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(843) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(11)
ISSN 10156348
ÁÖÁ¦ºÐ·ù /
ÁÖÁ¦¾î ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù; ÇÕ¼º°ö ½Å°æ¸Á; ¾ç¹æÇâ Àå´Ü±â±â¾ï ½Å°æ¸Á; ÀÔÂû; BIM ¿ä±¸»çÇ× ; Character embedding; Convolutional neural network; Bi-directional long-short term memory neural network; Bid; BIM requirement
¿ä¾à1 °Ç¼³»ç¾÷ÀÇ BIM Àû¿ëÀÌ Àǹ«È­µÊ¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÔÂû´Ü°è¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ BIM ¿ä±¸»çÇ× ºÐ¼®ÀÌ Áß¿äÇØÁö°í ÀÖ°í, ¹æ´ëÇÑ ÀÔÂû ÅؽºÆ® Á¤º¸¸¦ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ó¸®Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÚ¿¬¾î ó¸® ¿¬±¸°¡ È°¹ßÈ÷ ÀÌ·ïÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹³» ÀÔÂû¹®¼­´Â Çѱ۰ú ¿µ¹®ÀÌ È¥ÀçµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í µ¿ÀÏ Ç¥Çö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç¥±â°¡ ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ÇØ Àü󸮸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ÅؽºÆ® Ç°Áú °³¼±ÀÌ Á¦Çѵǰí ÇüÅÂ¼Ò ºÐ¼®±â ¼º´É¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â µîÀÇ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖ¾î, ºÐ¼® ¸ðµ¨ÀÇ ¼º´É ÀúÇÏÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î º» ¿¬±¸´Â Àü󸮿¡ ±âÀÎÇÑ ¼º´É ÀúÇϸ¦ Àú°¨ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µùÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ ÀÔÂû ¹®Àå¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ BIM ¿ä±¸»çÇ×ÀÇ ³­À̵µ ºÐ·ù¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â µö·¯´× ¸ðµ¨À» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´Ü¼ø ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù, ¾ç¹æÇâ Àå´Ü±â±â¾ï ½Å°æ¸ÁÀ» °áÇÕÇÑ ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù, ±×¸®°í ÇÕ¼º°ö ½Å°æ¸ÁÀ» °áÇÕÇÑ ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù ¸ðµ¨¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖ¿ä ¸Å°³º¯¼ö ¿µÇâÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿© ÃÖÀû ¸ðµ¨À» µµÃâÇÏ¿´°í, ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù ¸ðµ¨ °£ BIM ¿ä±¸»çÇ× ³­À̵µ ÆǺ° ¼º´ÉÀ» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Ãß°¡·Î ´Ü¾î ÀÓº£µù ±â¹ÝÀÇ Å¸ ¸ðµ¨ °á°ú¿Í ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼¼ °¡Áö ¸ðµ¨ °¡¿îµ¥ ÇÕ¼º°ö ½Å°æ¸ÁÀ» È°¿ëÇÑ ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀº F1 ÁöÇ¥(0.98)¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾úÀ¸¸ç, F1 º¯È­¿¡ ÇÕ¼º°ö ÇÊÅÍ ¼ö ¹× Å©±â°¡ °¡Àå Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¹®ÀÚ ÀÓº£µù ¸ðµ¨ »ç¿ëÀ» ÅëÇØ ´Ü¾î ÀÓº£µù ¸ðµ¨ ´ëºñ ¾à 15 %ÀÇ F1 ÁöÇ¥ Çâ»óÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÔÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿ä¾à2 With the mandatory application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction projects, the analysis of BIM requirements
from the bidding stage has become increasingly important. To effectively handle the vast amount of bid text information, research on
natural language processing has been actively conducted. However, domestic bid documents often contain a mixture of Korean and
English, and the inconsistent representation of identical expressions limits text quality improvement even after pre-processing, which
in turn affects the performance of morphological analyzers. These challenges contribute to the degradation of analytical model
performance. To mitigate performance degradation caused by pre-processing, this study proposes a deep learning model that classifies
the difficulty level of BIM requirements in bid sentences using character embeddings. The study analyzes the impact of key parameters
on three types of character embedding models: a simple character embedding, a character embedding combined with the Bi-directional
long short-term memory layer, and a character embedding combined with the convolutional neural networks (CNN) layer. Based on
this analysis, the optimal model was derived, and the performance of BIM requirement difficulty classification was compared across
the character embedding models. Additionally, the results were compared with those of other models based on word embeddings.
Among the three models, the character embedding model utilizing CNN achieved the highest F1 score (0.98), with the number and
size of convolutional filters having the most significant impact on F1 score variation. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the use of
character embedding models resulted in an approximately 15% improvement in the F1 score compared to word embedding models.
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DOI https://doi.org/10.12652/Ksce.2024.44.6.0843